Cara Menggunakan React Router untuk Navigation

React Router adalah library standard untuk routing di React applications. Mari pelajari cara implementasinya.

Installation

Install React Router

npm install react-router-dom

Basic Setup

Router Configuration

// App.jsx
import { BrowserRouter, Routes, Route } from "react-router-dom";
import Home from "./pages/Home";
import About from "./pages/About";
import Contact from "./pages/Contact";

function App() {
  return (
    <BrowserRouter>
      <Routes>
        <Route path="/" element={<Home />} />
        <Route path="/about" element={<About />} />
        <Route path="/contact" element={<Contact />} />
      </Routes>
    </BrowserRouter>
  );
}

Navigation Components

Link Component

import { Link } from "react-router-dom";

function Navbar() {
  return (
    <nav>
      <Link to="/">Home</Link>
      <Link to="/about">About</Link>
      <Link to="/contact">Contact</Link>
    </nav>
  );
}

NavLink for Active States

import { NavLink } from "react-router-dom";

function Navbar() {
  return (
    <nav>
      <NavLink to="/" className={({ isActive }) => (isActive ? "active" : "")}>
        Home
      </NavLink>
    </nav>
  );
}

Dynamic Routes

URL Parameters

// Route definition
<Route path="/blog/:slug" element={<BlogPost />} />;

// Accessing params
import { useParams } from "react-router-dom";

function BlogPost() {
  const { slug } = useParams();
  return <h1>Post: {slug}</h1>;
}

Multiple Parameters

<Route path="/category/:categoryId/product/:productId" element={<Product />} />;

function Product() {
  const { categoryId, productId } = useParams();
  return (
    <div>
      <p>Category: {categoryId}</p>
      <p>Product: {productId}</p>
    </div>
  );
}

Nested Routes

Layout Pattern

// App.jsx
<Routes>
  <Route path="/" element={<Layout />}>
    <Route index element={<Home />} />
    <Route path="about" element={<About />} />
    <Route path="dashboard" element={<Dashboard />}>
      <Route index element={<DashboardHome />} />
      <Route path="settings" element={<Settings />} />
    </Route>
  </Route>
</Routes>

Outlet Component

import { Outlet } from "react-router-dom";

function Layout() {
  return (
    <div>
      <Navbar />
      <main>
        <Outlet /> {/* Child routes render here */}
      </main>
      <Footer />
    </div>
  );
}

Programmatic Navigation

useNavigate Hook

import { useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";

function LoginForm() {
  const navigate = useNavigate();

  const handleSubmit = (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();
    // Login logic...
    navigate("/dashboard");
  };

  return <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>{/* form fields */}</form>;
}

Navigate with State

navigate("/product", { state: { from: "homepage" } });

// Access state
import { useLocation } from "react-router-dom";

function Product() {
  const location = useLocation();
  console.log(location.state?.from);
}

Protected Routes

Auth Guard

import { Navigate } from "react-router-dom";

function ProtectedRoute({ children }) {
  const isAuthenticated = useAuth();

  if (!isAuthenticated) {
    return <Navigate to="/login" replace />;
  }

  return children;
}

// Usage
<Route
  path="/dashboard"
  element={
    <ProtectedRoute>
      <Dashboard />
    </ProtectedRoute>
  }
/>;

404 Page

Catch-All Route

<Routes>
  <Route path="/" element={<Home />} />
  <Route path="/about" element={<About />} />
  <Route path="*" element={<NotFound />} />
</Routes>;

function NotFound() {
  return <h1>404 - Page Not Found</h1>;
}

Query Parameters

useSearchParams

import { useSearchParams } from "react-router-dom";

function SearchPage() {
  const [searchParams, setSearchParams] = useSearchParams();
  const query = searchParams.get("q");

  const updateSearch = (newQuery) => {
    setSearchParams({ q: newQuery });
  };

  return (
    <div>
      <p>Searching for: {query}</p>
    </div>
  );
}

Lazy Loading Routes

Code Splitting

import { lazy, Suspense } from "react";

const Dashboard = lazy(() => import("./pages/Dashboard"));

function App() {
  return (
    <Routes>
      <Route
        path="/dashboard"
        element={
          <Suspense fallback={<Loading />}>
            <Dashboard />
          </Suspense>
        }
      />
    </Routes>
  );
}

Kesimpulan

React Router menyediakan routing solution yang powerful dan flexible untuk React applications dengan support untuk nested routes, protected routes, dan lazy loading.